دانشجویان

obama

issue — Mon, 10 Nov 2008 18:46:06 GMT

US president-elect Barack Obama (L) waves as US President George W. Bush (R) welcomes him to the White House in Washington, DC. Obama took his first steps in the Oval Office on Monday at his first talks as president-elect with Bush, from whom he will inherit two wars and a global economic crisis.

www.news.yahoo.com was copied by mj

Structuralism

issue — Mon, 10 Nov 2008 15:06:18 GMT

Structuralism is an approach to the human sciences that attempts to analyze a specific field (for instance, mythology) as a complex system of interrelated parts. It began in linguistics with the work of Ferdinand de Saussure. But many French intellectuals perceived it to have a wider application, and the model was soon modified and applied to other fields, such as anthropology, psychoanalysis, literary theory and architecture. This ushered in the dawn of structuralism as not just a method, but also an intellectual movement that came to take existentialism's pedestal in 1960s France.^[1]

Structuralism enjoyed much popularity, and its general stance of antihumanism was in sheer opposition to the Sartrean existentialism that preceded it. But in the 1970s, it came under internal fire from critics who accused it of being too rigid and ahistorical. However, many of structuralism's theorists, from Michel Foucault to Jacques Lacan, continue to assert an influence on continental philosophy, and many of the fundamental assumptions of its critics, that is, of adherents of poststructuralism, are but a continuation of structuralism.^[1]

Structuralism isn't only applied within literary theory. There are also structuralist theories that exist within mathematics, philosophy of science, anthropology and in sociology. According to Alison Assiter, there are four common ideas regarding structuralism that form an 'intellectual trend'. Firstly, the structure is what determines the position of each element of a whole. Secondly, structuralists believe that every system has a structure. Thirdly, structuralists are interested in 'structural' laws that deal with coexistence rather than changes. And finally structures are the 'real things' that lie beneath the surface or the appearance of meaning

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia was copied by mj

Process of Research 1

issue — Mon, 03 Nov 2008 09:57:08 GMT

Dissertation

To this point, being a graduate student has been, more or less, an extension of your earlier life as a student. Many people, in fact, go to graduate school because they have always been "good at school," and want to continue with something that brings them success and self-confidence. The reading assignments, labs, papers, and tests you have been assigned as a graduate student may not have been so different from your undergraduate course work. The dissertation, on the other hand, is a new kind of academic project, unlike anything else you've done. It is the academic project that marks your transition from student to scholar

Abstract

An abstract is a short summary of your completed research. If done well, it makes the reader want to learn more about your research.

These are the basic components of an abstract in any discipline:

1) Motivation/problem statement: Why do we care about the problem? What practical, scientific, theoretical or artistic gap is your research filling?

2) Methods/procedure/approach: What did you actually do to get your results? (e.g. analyzed 3 novels, completed a series of 5 oil paintings, interviewed 17 students)

3) Results/findings/product: As a result of completing the above procedure, what did you learn/invent/create?

4) Conclusion/implications: What are the larger implications of your findings, especially for the problem/gap identified in step 1?

However, it's important to note that the weight accorded to the different components can vary by discipline. For models, try to find abstracts of research that is similar to your research

Table of Contents

The table of contents provides the reader the outline and location of specific aspects of your document

List of Illustrations

A listing of illustrations is typically included with longer documents. Under a headings such as "List of Illustrations" or "List of Tables" are listed number, title, and page number of each illustration.

Body of the Report

If you are asked to write a research report based on original research, the tone will be objective and formal, the writing should be concise and direct, and the structure is likely to consist of these standard sections: introduction, methods, results, discussion, and conclusion

Presentation

Careful editing and proofreading is important in all your writing, but precision is especially important in this type of writing. Carelessness in your information management or writing will undermine your credibility and raise doubt about the quality of your research. Therefore, proofread scrupulously.

Prewriting Strategies

Pre-writing strategies use writing to generate and clarify ideas. While many writers have traditionally created outlines before beginning writing, there are other possible prewriting activities. Five useful strategies are

Brainstorming

Brainstorming, also called listing, is a process of generating a lot of information within a short time by building on the association of previous terms you have mentioned

Clustering

Clustering is also called mind mapping or idea mapping. It is a strategy which allows you to explore the relationships between ideas

Free writing

Free writing is a process of generating a lot of information by writing non-stop. It allows you to focus on a specific topic, but forces you to write so quickly that you are unable to edit any of your ideas

Looping

Looping is a free writing technique that allows you to increasingly focus your ideas in trying to discover a writing topic

The Journalists' Questions

Journalists traditionally ask six questions when they are writing assignments, 5 W's and 1 H: Who?, What?, Where?, When?, Why?, How? You can use these questions to explore the topic you are writing about for an assignment.

Bluesky

phd

issue — Thu, 23 Oct 2008 21:26:18 GMT

hi my dear friends

i am accepted in phd

azad university

sociology

Building on 100 Years of Discovery

issue — Sat, 04 Oct 2008 05:47:18 GMT

Steven Franklin

As our university prepares to celebrate 100 years of discovery in 2007, we are building on a dynamic research culture that enriches the academic experience for our students, creates new knowledge across a broad array of disciplines, and helps improve the economic, social and cultural vitality of our region and beyond.

Home to renowned research centres such as the Canadian Light Source synchrotron, the Community-University Institute for Social Research, and the Vaccine and Infectious Disease Organization, the University of Saskatchewan is one of Canada’s leading research-intensive universities.

Over the next decade, we will establish the U of S as one of the top 10 medical-doctoral universities in Canada and one of a select few internationally in key areas.

Key to this pursuit of new and strengthened areas of pre-eminence is the talent and imagination of our researchers. We are proud of the research, scholarly and artistic accomplishments of our faculty and students, as well as the impact that they have on health care, agriculture, technology, education, environmental challenges, economics, and policy development in communities around the globe.

Whether it is novel vaccines, new improved crop varieties, or innovative literacy education programs, U of S research touches the lives of people locally and throughout the world. We are collaborating with researchers across the country and partnering with our local community, industry, government, and Aboriginal communities to find solutions to pressing societal and scientific challenges.

New knowledge through research, scholarly and artistic work underlies all academic endeavors across our 13 colleges. In a climate of mutual reinforcement of teaching and research, our faculty and students – both undergraduate and graduate -- are exploring an impressive range of important questions and issues that change our fundamental understanding of the world and our place in it.

In our U of S centennial year, we will proudly host 5,000 scholars from across Canada at Congress 2007, the annual conference of the Canadian Federation of the Humanities and Social Sciences.

I invite you to explore our Research site (www.usask.ca/research), meet some of our innovators, visit our research centres, learn about our R & D opportunities, and experience our sense of discovery.

Steven Franklin
Vice-President Research

www.usask.ca was copied (by Mj)

Ramadan the Fasting Month

issue — Fri, 05 Sep 2008 14:02:45 GMT

Happy Ramadan

"Ramadan is the month during which the Quran was revealed, providing guidance for the people, clear teachings, and the statute book. Those of you who witness this month shall fast therein. Those who are ill or traveling may substitute the same number of other days. GOD wishes for you convenience, not hardship, that you may fulfill your obligations, and to glorify GOD for guiding you, and to express your appreciation."

Bluesky

nice story

issue — Sun, 06 Jul 2008 11:12:18 GMT

nice story

issue — Sun, 06 Jul 2008 11:10:19 GMT

Bluesky

COULD YOU THINK OF SOLUTION??? (Nice story by Gandhi)

Many years ago in a small Indian village, a farmer had the misfortune of
owing a large sum of money to a female village moneylender. The female
Moneylender, who was old, fat and ugly, fancied the farmer's handsome
son, Cliff.

So she proposed a bargain.

She said she would forgo the farmer's debt if she could marry his son.
Both the farmer and his son were horrified by the Proposal.

So the cunning female moneylender suggested that they let Providence
decide the matter. She told them that she would put a black Pebble and a
white pebble into an empty moneybag. Then the son would have to pick one
pebble from the bag.

If he picked the black pebble, he would become her husband and her
father's debt would be forgiven.

If he picked the white pebble he need not marry her and his father's
debt would still be forgiven.

But if he refused to pick a pebble, his father would be thrown into Jail

They were standing on a pebble-strewn path in the farmer's field. As
they talked, the moneylender bent over to pick up two pebbles. As she
picked them up, the sharp-eyed son noticed that she had picked up two
Black pebbles and put them into the bag.

She then asked the son to pick a pebble from the bag.

Now, imagine that you were standing in the field.. What would you have
done if you were the son? If you had to advise him, what would you have
told him

Careful analysis would produce three possibilities:

The son should refuse to take a pebble.

The son should show that there were two black pebbles in the bag and
expose the moneylender as a lying, backstabbing female cheat.

The son should pick a black pebble and sacrifice himself in order to
save his father from his debt and imprisonment.

Take a moment to ponder over the story. The above story is used with the
hope that it will make us appreciate the difference between lateral and
logical thinking.

The son's dilemma cannot be solved with traditional logical thinking.
Think of the consequences if he chooses the above logical answers.

What would you recommend to the son to do?

Well, here is what he did....

The son put his hand into the moneybag and drew out a pebble. Without
looking at it, he fumbled and let it fall onto the pebble-strewn path
where it immediately became lost among all the other pebbles.

"Oh, how clumsy of me," he said. "But never mind, if you look into the
bag for the one that is left, you will be able to tell which pebble I
picked."

Since the remaining pebble is black, it must be assumed that he had
picked the white one. And since the moneylender dared not admit her
Dishonesty, the son changed what seemed an impossible situation into An
extremely advantageous one.

MORAL OF THE STORY:

Most complex problems do have a solution.

It is only that we don't attempt to think.

A man is but a product of his thoughts.

- M. K. Gandhi

thingies

issue — Thu, 03 Jul 2008 19:23:49 GMT

Special math equipment
	calculator	set square	protractor	compass
Special science equipment
	bunsen burner	beaker	flask	funnel	test tube

Special math equipment

calculator

set square

protractor

compass

Special science equipment

bunsen burner

beaker

flask

funnel

test tube


	Ladies Clothing Shop or Boutique
	Mens Clothing Shop or Tailor's
	Shoe Shop or Cobbler's
	Jeweller's
	Electrical Store
	Toy Store
	Record Shop
	Book Shop
	Newsagent's
	Ironmonger's
	Optician's
	Haberdasher's
All or most of the above	Department Store
	Butcher's
	Fishmonger's
	Greengrocer's
	Baker's
	Delicatessen
	Grocer's
	Off Licence
	Florist's
	Post Office
All or most of the above	Supermarket

SMALLEST HOUSE

issue — Wed, 02 Jul 2008 12:26:20 GMT

Bluesky

The British have the smallest homes in Europe

An English man's home is his castle? Well not quite, it's official that British homes are the smallest in Europe, in fact they are downright pokey, with only an average usable floor space of 76m sq according to a new report by Bradford & Bingley. The Italians lead the rest of Europe with the most space - an average of 92m sq per dwelling, over a fifth larger than us Brits enjoy.

The report undertaken by the Centre for Economics & Business Research for Bradford & Bingley compares the UK property market to Germany, France, Italy and Spain. It reveals British living space per home is 12 percent smaller than the average Spanish home, 14 percent smaller than in Germany and 16 percent smaller than in France.

Moreover, the gap between the UK and the continent is widening with new homes in France, Germany and Spain getting bigger. On average, newly built homes in France and Germany have over 100m² of usable floor space, while in Spain modern homes have 95m². In Britain, new homes remain the same size as existing properties at 76m².

These figures are more surprising when the types of properties are taken into account as over four-fifths of British households prefer to live in a house. The report reveals that 82 percent of British families live in a house and only 15 percent live in a flat. This is in stark contrast to families on continental Europe where flats are more popular. In Spain, Italy and Germany more than 50 percent of families live in a flat and France is not far behind with 41 percent. Yet almost bizarrely the average British family home has the least usable living space of the countries surveyed.

Nickie Aiken of Bradford & Bingley Estate Agents commented on the findings: "It is interesting that the UK is trailing the continent in terms of living space, particularly when you take the fact that we tend to live in houses rather than flats into account. Quality of life is not only about income and spending, comfort is a core component. Hopefully the Government is aware of these figures as it tackles the increasing demand for new housing in the UK."

Owning your own property is popular to differing degrees and despite the widely held perception to the contrary, Britons aren't Europe's most prolific homeowners. The Spanish (80%) own more of their homes than the Brits and Italians (69%). The French (54%) and Germans (43%) own less.

Despite the right to buy initiatives of the Thatcher governments, Britain still has the highest number of 'social housing', namely council or housing association dwellings (22%). France has the second highest provision of social housing with 18% living in social owned homes. Whilst Spain barely has a social sector at all with only 1%.

Compared to our counterparts on the continent, the UK has the least developed rental sector with less than 1 in 10 (9%) British homes being rented privately. This contrasts sharply with the staggering 46% in Germany - over five times the UK level. This news is surprising given the recent surge in popularity of buy to let mortgages in the UK.